Courrier international - 11 avr. 2005
ÉLECTION PRÉSIDENTIELLE EN IRAN - Du conservatisme et de la vitalité de la scène politique
Les rituels électoraux se poursuivent et s'intensifient dans la république islamique d'Iran, qui en fait la mesure de sa légitimité et de sa crédibilité auprès de l'opinion internationale ainsi que de ses adversaires. Certes, les hommes qui s'y investissent sont ceux-là mêmes qui occupent la scène politique depuis vingt-cinq ans. Toutefois, le système politique a fait preuve d'une très grande flexibilité. Dès 1988, la Constitution de 1979 a été révisée. Mais son application et ses limites n'ont pas cessé d'être un sujet de débats et de tensions entre les différents groupes politiques. La demande, par une fraction des réformateurs, d'un référendum statuant sur l'opportunité d'une nouvelle révision aurait pu se transformer en crise ingérable. Mais les dirigeants ont coupé court à la manœuvre, et l'approche de l'élection présidentielle (le 17 juin) a mis un terme à la polémique.
L'ensemble des forces politiques affirment se situer dans le cadre de la Constitution, se contentant pour certaines d'entre elles de regretter qu'elle ne soit pas intégralement appliquée. Le président sortant, Mohammad Khatami, a ainsi fait observer que l'on n'avait pas usé de toutes les potentialités de la Loi fondamentale.
Il faut ici souligner que la Constitution, au même titre que le Coran, se prête à l'exégèse. Elle semble ainsi être à la fois un cadre légitime de l'action politique et une ressource d'innovation quant à ses modes. Ainsi va la république islamique d'Iran entre des moments de crise et des moments d'apaisement à l'initiative des républicains soucieux de sauver l'"honneur" d'un système dont dépend leur survie. Cela ne doit néanmoins pas faire négliger le renouvellement progressif de celui-ci, dont les élections, aussi imparfaitement démocratiques soient-elles, sont l'un des mécanismes. D'ores et déjà, la prochaine consultation permet d'observer un certain nombre de tendances.
• La frénésie associationniste. La formation des partis ou des groupes politiques, seuls en mesure de présenter ou de soutenir un candidat, s'intensifie lors de chaque élection et révèle une société aux émois républicains apparemment inépuisables.
• La tendance à la bipolarisation. Non sans résistance, on assiste à la multiplication, dans le camp réformiste comme dans celui des conservateurs, de réunions destinées à dégager un candidat d'union. Mais la recherche de l'homme providentiel a cédé la place à celle du candidat le mieux accepté par l'électorat. Au sein des deux courants, le choix du champion est conditionné par les sondages autant que par l'avis des personnalités morales et religieuses ou des élites politiques.
• Les acteurs politiques rivalisent de légalisme et de constitutionnalisme, y compris pour déterminer la date du scrutin. L'institutionnalisation de la République se poursuit à travers ce formalisme.
Il sera plus difficile pour le Conseil des gardiens de la Constitution de faire du zèle et de récuser des candidats désignés à l'issue de longues consultations au sein des grandes factions politiques en lice. De toute façon, tant chez les réformateurs que chez les conservateurs, le choix semble pouvoir se porter sur un candidat susceptible de rassembler, c'est-à-dire éloigné des extrêmes.
Bipolarisation, voire américanisation, du jeu politique ? Quoi qu'il en soit, le principe de la présélection des candidats, qui s'est progressivement affirmé à l'occasion des législatives, va de pair avec la mobilisation des groupes politiques ou professionnels, ou, dans les provinces, des particularismes locaux. La logique qui domine la présidentielle, prise entre le rejet de tout monopole au bénéfice d'une faction et le souci de sauver l'honneur du système, semble plutôt de nature collégiale. Hachemi Rafsandjani, Ali Akbar Velayati et Mir Hossein Moussavi transcenderaient les clivages factionnels au profit de la concorde nationale et républicaine. Encore faut-il que la société iranienne abandonne à nouveau le champ politique à une élite néorévolutionnaire, qui reste réticente à toute ouverture envers d'autres forces et enfermée dans son huis clos.
Fariba Adelkhah
mardi, avril 12, 2005
L'Iran veut développer son tourisme
La République islamique aimerait faire passer le nombre de ses visiteurs d'un million en 2005 à 20 millions en 2025
C'est ce qu'a expliqué à l'AFP un vice-président iranien, Hossein Marahi.
Pour ce faire, l'Iran va promouvoir ses richesses touristiques sur CNN et la BBC. La chaîne britannique pourrait ainsi diffuser des spots de 30 à 60 secondes. "L'affaire n'est pas encore finalisée", fait savoir la BBC.
"Nous ne nous exprimons pas sur des accords commerciaux tant qu'ils n'entrent pas en vigueur, et un tel accord n'est pas entré en vigueur", dit-on du côté de CNN. La partie iranienne explique que c'est elle qui fournira les films. Une fois la campagne achevée sur les deux chaînes, elle devrait être suivie d'une diffusion de spots sur les télévisions d'une vingtaine d'autres pays, notamment moyen-orientaux, européens et asiatiques.
Les centaines de milliers d'Iraniens vivant aux Etats-Unis "sont aussi une cible et nous tâcherons de les atteindre à travers les chaînes iraniennes par satellite", explique le responsable iranien cité plus haut. Hossein Marachi précise que les chaînes "contre-révolutionnaires" iraniennes, qui diffusent notamment de Los Angeles, ne feront évidemment pas partie du lot.
Curieusement, alors que CNN est le premier vecteur de pub choisie par les autorités de Téhéran, "les Etats-Unis sont une cible ultérieure". "Nous ne menons pas une politique visant à attirer les touristes américains, nous ne leur délivrons pas facilement des visas", explique Hossein Marachi. Visiblement, l'image du "Grand Satan", datant des débuts de la Révolution islamique (1979), a encore cours. Côté iranien, l'image d'un régime dont le programme nucléaire défie la communauté étrangère et qui impose le port du foulard aux femmes étrangères, peut être un frein au développement du tourisme...
C'est ce qu'a expliqué à l'AFP un vice-président iranien, Hossein Marahi.
Pour ce faire, l'Iran va promouvoir ses richesses touristiques sur CNN et la BBC. La chaîne britannique pourrait ainsi diffuser des spots de 30 à 60 secondes. "L'affaire n'est pas encore finalisée", fait savoir la BBC.
"Nous ne nous exprimons pas sur des accords commerciaux tant qu'ils n'entrent pas en vigueur, et un tel accord n'est pas entré en vigueur", dit-on du côté de CNN. La partie iranienne explique que c'est elle qui fournira les films. Une fois la campagne achevée sur les deux chaînes, elle devrait être suivie d'une diffusion de spots sur les télévisions d'une vingtaine d'autres pays, notamment moyen-orientaux, européens et asiatiques.
Les centaines de milliers d'Iraniens vivant aux Etats-Unis "sont aussi une cible et nous tâcherons de les atteindre à travers les chaînes iraniennes par satellite", explique le responsable iranien cité plus haut. Hossein Marachi précise que les chaînes "contre-révolutionnaires" iraniennes, qui diffusent notamment de Los Angeles, ne feront évidemment pas partie du lot.
Curieusement, alors que CNN est le premier vecteur de pub choisie par les autorités de Téhéran, "les Etats-Unis sont une cible ultérieure". "Nous ne menons pas une politique visant à attirer les touristes américains, nous ne leur délivrons pas facilement des visas", explique Hossein Marachi. Visiblement, l'image du "Grand Satan", datant des débuts de la Révolution islamique (1979), a encore cours. Côté iranien, l'image d'un régime dont le programme nucléaire défie la communauté étrangère et qui impose le port du foulard aux femmes étrangères, peut être un frein au développement du tourisme...
Iran: quel tourisme ?
L'Iran bénéficie d'un patrimoine considérable mais sous-exploité, lié historiquement à sa position de carrefour et aux multiples conquérants qui occupèrent son sol (notamment Alexandre de Macédoine qui fit incendier Persépolis, dixit la légende, pour complaire à sa maîtresse Théïs en 331 avant J.-C.). A titre d'exemples et pour ne citer qu'eux, le pays possède six sites inscrits au Patrimoine mondial de l'UNESCO: la forteresse médiévale en argile de Bam, récemment ravagée par un tremblement de terre; le site de Meidan Emam (XVIIe) à Ispahan; les ruines de Pasagardes (première capitale de l'empire achéménide au VIe siècle avant J.-C.); celles de Persépolis (autre capitale achéménide); Takht-e Sulaiman (avec notamment son site zoroastrien datant du XIIIe); Tchoga Zanbil (ruines de la ville sainte du royaume d'Élam, fondée vers 1250 av. J.-C.).
La République islamique entend faire passer le nombre de ses visiteurs étrangers d'un million aujourd'hui à 20 millions dans vingt ans, selon les autorités du pays.
Pour elles, l'Iran souffre plus de son manque d'hôtels et des carences de ses transports
que des années d'isolement après la Révolution de 1979 et d'une image quelque peu rigide à l'étranger. "Nous comptons investir 30 milliards de dollars sur les cinq
prochaines années" pour y remédier, précise-t-on à Téhéran. Les touristes, notamment les femmes, devront continuer à se plier aux règles locales: en clair, les représentantes de la gent féminine étrangère devront continuer à porter un foulard.
"Le tourisme rapporte actuellement 500 millions de dollars par an à l'Iran et l'objectif
est d'arriver à 25 milliards dans vingt ans", affirment les autorités. "Désormais, les
touristes étrangers peuvent obtenir un visa d'une semaine à leur arrivée à l'aéroport de
Téhéran et ce visa peut être renouvelé une fois. D'ici un mois, on pourra obtenir un visa
touristique par internet", précisent-elles.
La République islamique entend faire passer le nombre de ses visiteurs étrangers d'un million aujourd'hui à 20 millions dans vingt ans, selon les autorités du pays.
Pour elles, l'Iran souffre plus de son manque d'hôtels et des carences de ses transports
que des années d'isolement après la Révolution de 1979 et d'une image quelque peu rigide à l'étranger. "Nous comptons investir 30 milliards de dollars sur les cinq
prochaines années" pour y remédier, précise-t-on à Téhéran. Les touristes, notamment les femmes, devront continuer à se plier aux règles locales: en clair, les représentantes de la gent féminine étrangère devront continuer à porter un foulard.
"Le tourisme rapporte actuellement 500 millions de dollars par an à l'Iran et l'objectif
est d'arriver à 25 milliards dans vingt ans", affirment les autorités. "Désormais, les
touristes étrangers peuvent obtenir un visa d'une semaine à leur arrivée à l'aéroport de
Téhéran et ce visa peut être renouvelé une fois. D'ici un mois, on pourra obtenir un visa
touristique par internet", précisent-elles.
vendredi, avril 08, 2005
Gov't’s incomes from capital assets up by 11%
LONDON, April 8 (IranMania) - The government’s incomes from the capital assets reached to Rls.151,378 bln during the past Iranian year (ended March 20), the figure shows a growth of about 11% compared to the preceding year.
The government’s income from the capital assets was about Rls.128,970 billon in the preceding year.
Also, the government earned about Rls.138,356 bln of its incomes in this sector from the crude oil sales during the past 12 months, the figure is indicative of about 10.5% increase compared to the year before.
According to the report, in its bid to provide for the required imports, the government has also exported about Rls.10, 828 bln worth of crude oil during the past 12 months. The rest of the government’s incomes from the capital assets during the past 12 months were provided from other sources registering a 4% growth compared to the previous year.
Friday, April 08, 2005 - ©2005 IranMania.com
The government’s income from the capital assets was about Rls.128,970 billon in the preceding year.
Also, the government earned about Rls.138,356 bln of its incomes in this sector from the crude oil sales during the past 12 months, the figure is indicative of about 10.5% increase compared to the year before.
According to the report, in its bid to provide for the required imports, the government has also exported about Rls.10, 828 bln worth of crude oil during the past 12 months. The rest of the government’s incomes from the capital assets during the past 12 months were provided from other sources registering a 4% growth compared to the previous year.
Friday, April 08, 2005 - ©2005 IranMania.com
Iran-China to expand mutual cooperation
LONDON, April 8 (IranMania) - Visiting Iranian Minister of Cooperatives Ali Soufi conferred Thursday with Chinese Vice-President of Cooperatives Federation Jo Shen Thao on expansion mutual cooperation on cooperatives sector.
The Iranian minister underlined that Iran seeks expansion of all-out ties with China, according to IRNA.
Highlighting the significant role of cooperatives in economic boom, he said Iran attaches importance to successful experience of China in cooperatives sector.
The Islamic Republic of Iran seeks further expansion of cooperation with cooperatives sector of China, he pointed out.
Cooperatives sector helps social and economic development, he said adding that Iran can make use of valuable experience of China in the sector.
Iran is ready to conduct joint venture projects with China at various sectors, he underlined.
Thao, for his part, described both Iran and China as two developing countries in Asia and said there exists many commonalties for economic development.
Calling cooperation in the cooperatives sector as very significant, he said China is ready to help Iranian businessmen from all sectors.
China is ready to conduct joint investment projects in production of foodstuffs, tourism and training of work force, he concluded.
Friday, April 08, 2005 - ©2005 IranMania.com
The Iranian minister underlined that Iran seeks expansion of all-out ties with China, according to IRNA.
Highlighting the significant role of cooperatives in economic boom, he said Iran attaches importance to successful experience of China in cooperatives sector.
The Islamic Republic of Iran seeks further expansion of cooperation with cooperatives sector of China, he pointed out.
Cooperatives sector helps social and economic development, he said adding that Iran can make use of valuable experience of China in the sector.
Iran is ready to conduct joint venture projects with China at various sectors, he underlined.
Thao, for his part, described both Iran and China as two developing countries in Asia and said there exists many commonalties for economic development.
Calling cooperation in the cooperatives sector as very significant, he said China is ready to help Iranian businessmen from all sectors.
China is ready to conduct joint investment projects in production of foodstuffs, tourism and training of work force, he concluded.
Friday, April 08, 2005 - ©2005 IranMania.com
High-profile Belgian trade delegation to visit Iran
LONDON, April 8 (IranMania) - The Minster-President of the Wallonia region of Belgium, Mr Jean-Claude van Cauwenberghe, is leading a big trade delegation to the Islamic Republic to promote bilateral trade and economic ties and cooperation.
Representatives of 19 companies from Wallonia and Brussels are accompanying the Minister-President on his 5-day mission to Iran starting on Saturday April 9, according to IRNA.
Mr. Cauwenberghe's visit is considered to be the first high ranking visit to Iran from Belgium since the trip of ex-Belgian foreign minister Louis Michel to Tehran in March 2004, noted a press release issued by the press office of the Walloon government.
The trade mission is organized by the Walloon Export Agency (AWEX), in cooperation with the Brussels-Export, Agoria Wallonia, Union of Wallonia Enterprise and the Economic Bureau of the province of Namur.
Exports to Iran from Wallonia in 2003 totaled 46.9 mln euro.
In the first nine months of 2004, exports from Wallonia to the Islamic Republic were valued at 51.7 mln euro, representing an increase of 48% in comparison to the first nine months of 2003.
Export items included metals, machinery equipment, industrial chemical and plastic products.
Imports from Iran to Wallonia in 2003 totalled 3.47 mln euro and during the first nine months of 2004 the figures are 3.5 mln euro.
During its stay in Iran, the Belgian delegation will attend an international industry, oil and gas fair and also visit the Industrial and Mineral Development and Renovation Organization (IMIDRO) of Iran and the Mobarrakeh Steel Company in Isfahan.
The Belgian mission will sign an economic and trade agreement between Wallonia and the Belgo-Iran Chamber of Commerce and also with the Iranian Chamber of Commerce and Industry.
Iran with a population of 70 million is opening up its market to the West, noted the press release.
"This openness policy will have interesting economic repercussion for the future," it said.
Moreover, the growing relations between the EU and Iran, especially with Italy, France and Germany, will assure big credits to Tehran, it said.
Iran has the know-how and the necessary funds for its development projects, said the press release.
Wallonia is the predominantly French-speaking region that constitutes one of the three federal regions of Belgium, with its capital at Namur.
It encompasses the southern half of Belgium with a population of 3.35 mln out of a total population of 10 mln of the country.
Friday, April 08, 2005 - ©2005 IranMania.com
Representatives of 19 companies from Wallonia and Brussels are accompanying the Minister-President on his 5-day mission to Iran starting on Saturday April 9, according to IRNA.
Mr. Cauwenberghe's visit is considered to be the first high ranking visit to Iran from Belgium since the trip of ex-Belgian foreign minister Louis Michel to Tehran in March 2004, noted a press release issued by the press office of the Walloon government.
The trade mission is organized by the Walloon Export Agency (AWEX), in cooperation with the Brussels-Export, Agoria Wallonia, Union of Wallonia Enterprise and the Economic Bureau of the province of Namur.
Exports to Iran from Wallonia in 2003 totaled 46.9 mln euro.
In the first nine months of 2004, exports from Wallonia to the Islamic Republic were valued at 51.7 mln euro, representing an increase of 48% in comparison to the first nine months of 2003.
Export items included metals, machinery equipment, industrial chemical and plastic products.
Imports from Iran to Wallonia in 2003 totalled 3.47 mln euro and during the first nine months of 2004 the figures are 3.5 mln euro.
During its stay in Iran, the Belgian delegation will attend an international industry, oil and gas fair and also visit the Industrial and Mineral Development and Renovation Organization (IMIDRO) of Iran and the Mobarrakeh Steel Company in Isfahan.
The Belgian mission will sign an economic and trade agreement between Wallonia and the Belgo-Iran Chamber of Commerce and also with the Iranian Chamber of Commerce and Industry.
Iran with a population of 70 million is opening up its market to the West, noted the press release.
"This openness policy will have interesting economic repercussion for the future," it said.
Moreover, the growing relations between the EU and Iran, especially with Italy, France and Germany, will assure big credits to Tehran, it said.
Iran has the know-how and the necessary funds for its development projects, said the press release.
Wallonia is the predominantly French-speaking region that constitutes one of the three federal regions of Belgium, with its capital at Namur.
It encompasses the southern half of Belgium with a population of 3.35 mln out of a total population of 10 mln of the country.
Friday, April 08, 2005 - ©2005 IranMania.com
mardi, avril 05, 2005
Iran, Oman to sign gas deal in Isfahan
LONDON, March 15 (IranMania) - Iran and Oman inked a gas deal in Isfahan on Tuesday for export of 10 bln cubic meters of gas a year as of 2006.
Under the protocol, signed by Iran's Oil Minister Bijan Namdar Zanganeh and his Omani counterpart Mohammad Bin Hamad al Rumhi on the sidelines of the 135th Ordinary Meeting of the OPEC Conference (March 5-6), Iran would export 10 billion cubic meters of gas to the Omani sultanate through a sub-seabed pipeline a year.
Under the lucrative deal the gas would be exported from Iran's Assalouyeh in southwestern Bushehr province as of 2006
Tuesday, March 15, 2005 - ©2005 IranMania.com
Under the protocol, signed by Iran's Oil Minister Bijan Namdar Zanganeh and his Omani counterpart Mohammad Bin Hamad al Rumhi on the sidelines of the 135th Ordinary Meeting of the OPEC Conference (March 5-6), Iran would export 10 billion cubic meters of gas to the Omani sultanate through a sub-seabed pipeline a year.
Under the lucrative deal the gas would be exported from Iran's Assalouyeh in southwestern Bushehr province as of 2006
Tuesday, March 15, 2005 - ©2005 IranMania.com
Eastern Europe, appropriate market for Iran
LONDON, April 4 (IranMania) - Today, every country contemplates making trade relations with other countries as one of its economic policies particularly when the issue of globalization and joining the World Trade Organization (WTO) is considered.
This is also true about Iran whose trade officials have paid due attention to making relations with the eastern European countries. However, the trade relations with these countries have decreased since the collapse of former Yugoslavia and formation of certain countries.
Khosrotaj, deputy minister of commerce for foreign trade affairs elaborated Iran’s trade relations with eastern European countries in an interview with the Iranian Students News Agency (ISNA).
According to him, in the former Yugoslavia, the bank systems set import against export to the eastern European countries. But after the country’s collapse, the bank system was changed, which resulted in decreasing or halting Iran’s trade relations with these countries.
Additionally, the political changes occurred in eastern Europe created new attitudes making them turn foreign policies to western Europe, he said.
The deputy also said that the changes made in the economic brokerages of these countries as well as their move toward privatization are among other reasons for the decline in Iran’s trade with them.
Khosrotaj put the way of attracting capitals and even the capital transfers in these countries as other reasons, opining that the capital transfers made certain industries non-competitive and established new industries.
He noted that the abovementioned reasons were some factors causing decrease of Iran’s relations with eastern European countries in the past, but recently, these counties have paid attention to the eastern countries, he added, citing as examples the negotiations made with Serbian and Slovenian officials.
“Passing certain European corridors through the eastern European countries such as Serbia and Slovenia have made great opportunities for presence of the Iranian companies”, he said.
In addition, grounds have been paved for participation of the Iranian companies in projects of energy, renovation of refineries and petrochemical industries in these countries coupled with formation of proper markets for the Iranian products of sanitary commodities, gas-fueled appliances, dried fruits, and construction materials, Khosrotaj added in conclusion.
Monday, April 04, 2005 - ©2005 IranMania.com
This is also true about Iran whose trade officials have paid due attention to making relations with the eastern European countries. However, the trade relations with these countries have decreased since the collapse of former Yugoslavia and formation of certain countries.
Khosrotaj, deputy minister of commerce for foreign trade affairs elaborated Iran’s trade relations with eastern European countries in an interview with the Iranian Students News Agency (ISNA).
According to him, in the former Yugoslavia, the bank systems set import against export to the eastern European countries. But after the country’s collapse, the bank system was changed, which resulted in decreasing or halting Iran’s trade relations with these countries.
Additionally, the political changes occurred in eastern Europe created new attitudes making them turn foreign policies to western Europe, he said.
The deputy also said that the changes made in the economic brokerages of these countries as well as their move toward privatization are among other reasons for the decline in Iran’s trade with them.
Khosrotaj put the way of attracting capitals and even the capital transfers in these countries as other reasons, opining that the capital transfers made certain industries non-competitive and established new industries.
He noted that the abovementioned reasons were some factors causing decrease of Iran’s relations with eastern European countries in the past, but recently, these counties have paid attention to the eastern countries, he added, citing as examples the negotiations made with Serbian and Slovenian officials.
“Passing certain European corridors through the eastern European countries such as Serbia and Slovenia have made great opportunities for presence of the Iranian companies”, he said.
In addition, grounds have been paved for participation of the Iranian companies in projects of energy, renovation of refineries and petrochemical industries in these countries coupled with formation of proper markets for the Iranian products of sanitary commodities, gas-fueled appliances, dried fruits, and construction materials, Khosrotaj added in conclusion.
Monday, April 04, 2005 - ©2005 IranMania.com
Iran’s Top Bank Chooses BANCS Centralised Banking Solution
Bank Keshavarzi was originally created for the country’s Agricultural sector and currently has 1846 branches catering for some 5 million customers and 15 million deposit and loan accounts. This is expected to grow considerably to an estimated 24 million accounts over the next few years.
FNS Regional Vice President, David Parker, said Bank Keshavarsi will initially convert half of its branches to the new BANCS banking system – providing a new banking solution for up to 4 million customers and 12 million accounts in Phase One of the project.
The implementation will be conducted by FNS with the assistance of its Iranian partner, Padisar Informatics INC (Padisar). “FNS will supply the software and will develop the required customization, in addition to supplying the services of software engineers as required from its Philippines based software Centre of Excellence,” Mr Parker said.
Mr Nazari, member of Bank Keshavarzi's Board of Directors responsible for IT, described the upgrade as a sure means of providing better services to their customers. "Customers are our real assets and their true and total satisfaction has always been our aim and heartfelt desire. To be able to cater for their needs, we must undoubtedly utilize modern banking tools and practices, which can only be achieved through an integrated and comprehensive electronic banking solution,” Mr. Nazari said.
"It is this philosophy that lies behind Bank Keshavarzi's decision to select an integrated and total solution software solution, which we hope will realize our goals - with the participation of FNS and its local partner Padisar - so that all our esteemed compatriots can share in its benefits", he said.
Chairman of Padisar, Mr Rahmani, said that this project, initiated for the first time in the country, is undoubtedly indebted to the strong desires of the management of Bank Keshavarzi to offer new services of the highest standards to customers. He added that this project will have a profound effect on the Iranian banks’ approach to customers and the type of services they will offer.
Mr Rahmani also acknowledged BANCS’ unique capabilities, FNS’s professionalism and Padisar’s unique line of business, and knowledgeable staff who will be joining FNS in the implementation. This will result in customization and interfacing of a line of products, in particular some specific types of Islamic banking.
FNS Managing Director, Tony Ward, said Bank Keshavarsi’s decision to implement the award winning BANCS® banking solution would deliver the benefits of centralised banking encompassing full retail and Internet banking capabilities together with mobile and telephone banking and automation of those branches integrated to the core solution.
The bank is also implementing the BANCS Trade Finance, Treasury and Payments solutions, plus FNS’s proven Islamic banking solution.
“By implementing the BANCS solution, Bank Keshavarsi will be able to offer sophisticated deposit and loan products, in addition to providing foreign exchange and global trade finance facilities.”
The decision to implement the world class BANCS solution comes at a time when Bank Keshavarsi has achieved international recognition as Iran’s top bank for two consecutive years (2003 and 2004) and one of the top 10 banks in the Middle East in an annual survey by the respected Financial Times publication, The Banker.
Bank Keshavarsi was ranked just outside the top 20% of the world’s Top 1000 banks based on a combination of criteria including its level of Tier One capital, volume of assets, ratio of capital to assets, actual profit growth, ratio of profit to capital, output of assets and cost-revenue ratio.
Mr Ward said the selection of FNS as the successful tenderer recognises the company’s expertise in providing retail and wholesale banking solutions throughout the Middle East, Africa and Asia Pacific where it has provided Islamic Banking solutions to a number of prominent financial institutions.
About FNS
Financial Network Services Pty Ltd (FNS) is a global leader in providing integrated, flexible and modular solutions for the financial services industry. The company has more than 100 corporate clients in over 35 countries, including some of the world’s leading financial services organisations of every operational size and complexity.
Through its flagship BANCS® banking solutions, FNS has won a reputation for increasing productivity, profits and flexibility while responding rapidly to market demands for new financial products.
BANCS is a sustainable Commercial Banking System that fully integrates Retail, e-Commerce, Commercial banking, Treasury, Trade, MIS and delivery channels in one homogeneous system.
The solution offers core banking functions in a multi-currency, multi-lingual environment which is totally independent of platforms, operating environments and RDBMS. Implementations include Windows, UNIX, and MVS utilising DB2, UDB, Oracle and SQL/Server.
FNS is one of a limited number of companies worldwide to hold a Business Application Partnership agreement with IBM and is a Microsoft Certified partner. It is also a key alliance partner with Hewlett Packard, Intel, Oracle and Sun Microsystems in various countries around the world.
FNS is a private company with 10 international offices and some 220 employees around the world. Headquartered in Sydney, Australia, the company is majority owned by its founders and staff, with a minority interest currently held by Australia’s largest investment bank, Macquarie Bank, through its subsidiary, Macquarie Direct Investments Limited.
FNS has offices in Sydney, Dubai, Hong Kong, Jakarta, Johannesburg, Kuala Lumpur, London, Manila, Santiago, Seoul and Taipei and also operates through its strategic business partners and leading locally based systems integrators in many other countries. For more information visit: www.fns.com.au.
About Bank Keshavarzi
Bank Keshavarzi has more than 70 years of experience in agricultural financing, and provides its wide-ranging clients with a full range of modern banking services. Though it is chiefly a local bank, it has developed links in the international banking arena with some of the major banks across the world.
Bank Keshavarzi’s main advantage lies in it’s expertise in agri-financing which has developed into a key sector of Iran’s economy. Bank Keshavarzi aims to offer world-class services and products utilizing the state-of-the-art banking technology.
Bank Keshavarzi enjoys tremendous support and loyalty from its customers, in addition to the efforts of bank employees in various parts of the country and the support of officials including many regional and international agricultural and credit associations such as APRACA, CICA and NENARACA, of which it is a member.
About Padisar
Padisar Informatics is FNS’s partner in Iran. Padisar provides sales support, implementation support, and a 24 x 7 on call helpdesk.
Padisar Informatics was incorporated in 1996 with the aim of bringing the latest innovations in the field of Information Technology, especially for the banking and financial industry, to the market place. Since then, it has implemented various projects within the aforementioned industries and today is the only private entity which offers complete solutions to the banking industry and provides 24x7 support and services to its customers through a nationwide network of offices and representatives.
Over 150 well versed engineers are working within a dynamic and diversified organization comprising of e-banking, e-payment, network engineering, business development and maintenance and services departments to transfer the latest technologies to the banks and other financial institutions in collaboration with a number of international Business Partners, each of which with a well-known background for providing high quality and comprehensive business solutions to the banking industry.
FNS Regional Vice President, David Parker, said Bank Keshavarsi will initially convert half of its branches to the new BANCS banking system – providing a new banking solution for up to 4 million customers and 12 million accounts in Phase One of the project.
The implementation will be conducted by FNS with the assistance of its Iranian partner, Padisar Informatics INC (Padisar). “FNS will supply the software and will develop the required customization, in addition to supplying the services of software engineers as required from its Philippines based software Centre of Excellence,” Mr Parker said.
Mr Nazari, member of Bank Keshavarzi's Board of Directors responsible for IT, described the upgrade as a sure means of providing better services to their customers. "Customers are our real assets and their true and total satisfaction has always been our aim and heartfelt desire. To be able to cater for their needs, we must undoubtedly utilize modern banking tools and practices, which can only be achieved through an integrated and comprehensive electronic banking solution,” Mr. Nazari said.
"It is this philosophy that lies behind Bank Keshavarzi's decision to select an integrated and total solution software solution, which we hope will realize our goals - with the participation of FNS and its local partner Padisar - so that all our esteemed compatriots can share in its benefits", he said.
Chairman of Padisar, Mr Rahmani, said that this project, initiated for the first time in the country, is undoubtedly indebted to the strong desires of the management of Bank Keshavarzi to offer new services of the highest standards to customers. He added that this project will have a profound effect on the Iranian banks’ approach to customers and the type of services they will offer.
Mr Rahmani also acknowledged BANCS’ unique capabilities, FNS’s professionalism and Padisar’s unique line of business, and knowledgeable staff who will be joining FNS in the implementation. This will result in customization and interfacing of a line of products, in particular some specific types of Islamic banking.
FNS Managing Director, Tony Ward, said Bank Keshavarsi’s decision to implement the award winning BANCS® banking solution would deliver the benefits of centralised banking encompassing full retail and Internet banking capabilities together with mobile and telephone banking and automation of those branches integrated to the core solution.
The bank is also implementing the BANCS Trade Finance, Treasury and Payments solutions, plus FNS’s proven Islamic banking solution.
“By implementing the BANCS solution, Bank Keshavarsi will be able to offer sophisticated deposit and loan products, in addition to providing foreign exchange and global trade finance facilities.”
The decision to implement the world class BANCS solution comes at a time when Bank Keshavarsi has achieved international recognition as Iran’s top bank for two consecutive years (2003 and 2004) and one of the top 10 banks in the Middle East in an annual survey by the respected Financial Times publication, The Banker.
Bank Keshavarsi was ranked just outside the top 20% of the world’s Top 1000 banks based on a combination of criteria including its level of Tier One capital, volume of assets, ratio of capital to assets, actual profit growth, ratio of profit to capital, output of assets and cost-revenue ratio.
Mr Ward said the selection of FNS as the successful tenderer recognises the company’s expertise in providing retail and wholesale banking solutions throughout the Middle East, Africa and Asia Pacific where it has provided Islamic Banking solutions to a number of prominent financial institutions.
About FNS
Financial Network Services Pty Ltd (FNS) is a global leader in providing integrated, flexible and modular solutions for the financial services industry. The company has more than 100 corporate clients in over 35 countries, including some of the world’s leading financial services organisations of every operational size and complexity.
Through its flagship BANCS® banking solutions, FNS has won a reputation for increasing productivity, profits and flexibility while responding rapidly to market demands for new financial products.
BANCS is a sustainable Commercial Banking System that fully integrates Retail, e-Commerce, Commercial banking, Treasury, Trade, MIS and delivery channels in one homogeneous system.
The solution offers core banking functions in a multi-currency, multi-lingual environment which is totally independent of platforms, operating environments and RDBMS. Implementations include Windows, UNIX, and MVS utilising DB2, UDB, Oracle and SQL/Server.
FNS is one of a limited number of companies worldwide to hold a Business Application Partnership agreement with IBM and is a Microsoft Certified partner. It is also a key alliance partner with Hewlett Packard, Intel, Oracle and Sun Microsystems in various countries around the world.
FNS is a private company with 10 international offices and some 220 employees around the world. Headquartered in Sydney, Australia, the company is majority owned by its founders and staff, with a minority interest currently held by Australia’s largest investment bank, Macquarie Bank, through its subsidiary, Macquarie Direct Investments Limited.
FNS has offices in Sydney, Dubai, Hong Kong, Jakarta, Johannesburg, Kuala Lumpur, London, Manila, Santiago, Seoul and Taipei and also operates through its strategic business partners and leading locally based systems integrators in many other countries. For more information visit: www.fns.com.au.
About Bank Keshavarzi
Bank Keshavarzi has more than 70 years of experience in agricultural financing, and provides its wide-ranging clients with a full range of modern banking services. Though it is chiefly a local bank, it has developed links in the international banking arena with some of the major banks across the world.
Bank Keshavarzi’s main advantage lies in it’s expertise in agri-financing which has developed into a key sector of Iran’s economy. Bank Keshavarzi aims to offer world-class services and products utilizing the state-of-the-art banking technology.
Bank Keshavarzi enjoys tremendous support and loyalty from its customers, in addition to the efforts of bank employees in various parts of the country and the support of officials including many regional and international agricultural and credit associations such as APRACA, CICA and NENARACA, of which it is a member.
About Padisar
Padisar Informatics is FNS’s partner in Iran. Padisar provides sales support, implementation support, and a 24 x 7 on call helpdesk.
Padisar Informatics was incorporated in 1996 with the aim of bringing the latest innovations in the field of Information Technology, especially for the banking and financial industry, to the market place. Since then, it has implemented various projects within the aforementioned industries and today is the only private entity which offers complete solutions to the banking industry and provides 24x7 support and services to its customers through a nationwide network of offices and representatives.
Over 150 well versed engineers are working within a dynamic and diversified organization comprising of e-banking, e-payment, network engineering, business development and maintenance and services departments to transfer the latest technologies to the banks and other financial institutions in collaboration with a number of international Business Partners, each of which with a well-known background for providing high quality and comprehensive business solutions to the banking industry.
Iran, Algeria sign cooperation agreement
Tehran Times
Algiers (IRNA) -- Visiting Iranian Defense Minister Rear Admiral Ali Shamkhani and Algerian Minister of Interior and Local Authorities Yazid Zerhoni signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) on bilateral cooperation on Monday.
The MOU was signed at the end of three-day official visit of the Iranian minister to Algiers with the two sides underlining the need to continue exchange of delegations between Iran and Algeria.
Also Algerian Prime Minister Ahmed Ouyahia on Sunday in a meeting with Shamkhani praised the Iran-Algeria relations, calling for exploitation of both sides' potentials to implement the signed agreements.
Ouyahia referred to the Iran-Algeria Joint Economic Commission, saying that the commission should pave the way for consolidation of cooperation in line with both sides' interests.
Shamkhani, for his part, invited the Algerian state-run and private organizations to invest in Iran's economic projects.
He called on the two countries' officials to get familiar with military and technical capabilities of each other.
He pointed to Iran's high potentials in military and non-military fields, saying the proper ground is paved for materialization of both sides' political determination to bolster cooperation in joint defense activities.
Shamkhani said that the upcoming visit of Ouyahia to Iran will pave the way for consolidation of relations.
The Algerian prime minister is due to pay a visit to Iran at the invitation of Iran's First Vice-President Mohammad-Reza Aref.
During his stay in Algiers, Shamkhani also held talks with Algerian Parliamentary Speaker Abdel Kader Bin Salih on Sunday night.
During the meeting, the Algeria's speaker said that the Algerian legislative houses supported the development of Tehran-Algiers relations.
He expressed the firm determination of the Algerian parliament to pave the way for participation of Iran's private and government-run companies in Algeria's economic plans.
Shamkhani also said that a new development in international arena was inevitable, adding that defense cooperation in peace time in the frameworks of regional and extra-regional cooperation will contribute to achieving a collective pattern and to restoration of a permanent peace.
He said that enemies of the Islamic world had adopted double standard views towards the issue of terrorism.
Shamkhani, heading a high ranking delegation, arrived in Algeria on Saturday at the invitation of the country's President and Defense Minister, Abdelaziz Bouteflika, for a three-day official visit.
Algiers (IRNA) -- Visiting Iranian Defense Minister Rear Admiral Ali Shamkhani and Algerian Minister of Interior and Local Authorities Yazid Zerhoni signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) on bilateral cooperation on Monday.
The MOU was signed at the end of three-day official visit of the Iranian minister to Algiers with the two sides underlining the need to continue exchange of delegations between Iran and Algeria.
Also Algerian Prime Minister Ahmed Ouyahia on Sunday in a meeting with Shamkhani praised the Iran-Algeria relations, calling for exploitation of both sides' potentials to implement the signed agreements.
Ouyahia referred to the Iran-Algeria Joint Economic Commission, saying that the commission should pave the way for consolidation of cooperation in line with both sides' interests.
Shamkhani, for his part, invited the Algerian state-run and private organizations to invest in Iran's economic projects.
He called on the two countries' officials to get familiar with military and technical capabilities of each other.
He pointed to Iran's high potentials in military and non-military fields, saying the proper ground is paved for materialization of both sides' political determination to bolster cooperation in joint defense activities.
Shamkhani said that the upcoming visit of Ouyahia to Iran will pave the way for consolidation of relations.
The Algerian prime minister is due to pay a visit to Iran at the invitation of Iran's First Vice-President Mohammad-Reza Aref.
During his stay in Algiers, Shamkhani also held talks with Algerian Parliamentary Speaker Abdel Kader Bin Salih on Sunday night.
During the meeting, the Algeria's speaker said that the Algerian legislative houses supported the development of Tehran-Algiers relations.
He expressed the firm determination of the Algerian parliament to pave the way for participation of Iran's private and government-run companies in Algeria's economic plans.
Shamkhani also said that a new development in international arena was inevitable, adding that defense cooperation in peace time in the frameworks of regional and extra-regional cooperation will contribute to achieving a collective pattern and to restoration of a permanent peace.
He said that enemies of the Islamic world had adopted double standard views towards the issue of terrorism.
Shamkhani, heading a high ranking delegation, arrived in Algeria on Saturday at the invitation of the country's President and Defense Minister, Abdelaziz Bouteflika, for a three-day official visit.
Situation économique et financière (février 2005)
Sur le plan conjoncturel, la situation économique et financière de l’Iran peut être considérée comme globalement satisfaisante, en raison principalement des cours élevés du pétrole qui contribue, bon an mal an, à hauteur de 80% des recettes d’exportation et de la moitié des revenus de l’état.
Selon le FMI, la croissance a été de 6,7% au cours de l’exercice fiscal 2003-2004 et, au vu des données disponibles, devrait atteindre 5,7% en 2004-2005. Du fait d’une politique monétaire et fiscale expansionniste, l’inflation demeure toujours à un niveau élevé (15,8%) et ne paraît pas devoir ralentir significativement dans l’immédiat.
Le déficit public est passé de 2,4% du PIB en 2002-2003 à un excédent équivalent à 0,7% du PIB en 2003-2004. Toutefois, ce quasi équilibre n’a pu être atteint que grâce à une ponction sur les surplus des revenus pétroliers qui auraient du normalement alimenter un fonds d’épargne de l’état (Oil Stabilization Fund). Calculé hors charge nette des prêts mis en place dans le cadre de l’OSF, l’excédent consolidé des comptes publics aurait sensiblement augmenté sur l’année fiscale 2004-2005 pour atteindre 4% du PIB, soit l’excédent parmi les plus substantiels enregistrés par l’Iran depuis la chute du régime impérial.
En dépit d’une forte augmentation des exportations pétrolières et non pétrolières, l’excédent de la balance des comptes courants n’a cessé de se détériorer du fait d’une hausse encore plus importante des importations (+30% en 2003-2004). Le solde courant est ainsi passé de 6 Mds USD (7,2% du PIB) en 2001-2002 à 3,6 Mds (3,1% du PIB) en 2002-2003 et 2,1 Mds (1,5% du PIB) en 2003-2004. En revanche, la balance des capitaux est demeurée excédentaire à 4 Mds USD en 2003-2004 grâce aux flux d’IDE et aux investissements réalisés dans le cadre des buy back pétroliers (1,7 Md USD en 2003-2004). Les réserves en devises (OSF compris) sont passées de 21,4 Mds USD en 2002-2003 à 24,4 Mds en 2003-2004 soit moins de 7 mois d’importation. Les données disponibles sur 2004-2005 suggèrent, en revanche, un renforcement notable de la position extérieure de l’Iran dans la mesure où le prix moyen du baril a été sensiblement supérieur aux hypothèses retenues à la fois par les autorités de Téhéran (23 USD) et le FMI (30 USD). Cette performance, meilleure que prévue, mérite d’être soulignée dans un contexte où le dynamisme de la conjoncture a d’autant accru les importations (32Mds USD). Selon les dernières données recueillies, l’excédent courant aurait sur 2004-2005 quadruplé en valeur absolue (près de 8,5 Mds USD). Quant au solde la balance globale, il aurait plus que quadruplé pour atteindre, pour la première fois, près de 16 Mds USD. Dans ce contexte les réserves en devises ont toute chance d’atteindre 40 Mds USD soit 11 mois d’importations de biens et services.
La dette extérieure publique ou garantie par l’état demeure raisonnable (11,9 Mds USD sur mars 2003/2004 et 12,6 Mds à fin septembre 2004 soit 8 % du PIB) mais est constituée pour près de la moitié par de la dette à court terme (47%). Cette situation n’est toutefois pas trop inquiétante car le poids relatif de la dette extérieure a été réduit selon les dernières estimations à 7,5% du PIB sur 2004-2005 et la part des exportations et services absorbées par le service de la dette à plus d’un an reste stable à 4,6%.
Selon le FMI, la croissance a été de 6,7% au cours de l’exercice fiscal 2003-2004 et, au vu des données disponibles, devrait atteindre 5,7% en 2004-2005. Du fait d’une politique monétaire et fiscale expansionniste, l’inflation demeure toujours à un niveau élevé (15,8%) et ne paraît pas devoir ralentir significativement dans l’immédiat.
Le déficit public est passé de 2,4% du PIB en 2002-2003 à un excédent équivalent à 0,7% du PIB en 2003-2004. Toutefois, ce quasi équilibre n’a pu être atteint que grâce à une ponction sur les surplus des revenus pétroliers qui auraient du normalement alimenter un fonds d’épargne de l’état (Oil Stabilization Fund). Calculé hors charge nette des prêts mis en place dans le cadre de l’OSF, l’excédent consolidé des comptes publics aurait sensiblement augmenté sur l’année fiscale 2004-2005 pour atteindre 4% du PIB, soit l’excédent parmi les plus substantiels enregistrés par l’Iran depuis la chute du régime impérial.
En dépit d’une forte augmentation des exportations pétrolières et non pétrolières, l’excédent de la balance des comptes courants n’a cessé de se détériorer du fait d’une hausse encore plus importante des importations (+30% en 2003-2004). Le solde courant est ainsi passé de 6 Mds USD (7,2% du PIB) en 2001-2002 à 3,6 Mds (3,1% du PIB) en 2002-2003 et 2,1 Mds (1,5% du PIB) en 2003-2004. En revanche, la balance des capitaux est demeurée excédentaire à 4 Mds USD en 2003-2004 grâce aux flux d’IDE et aux investissements réalisés dans le cadre des buy back pétroliers (1,7 Md USD en 2003-2004). Les réserves en devises (OSF compris) sont passées de 21,4 Mds USD en 2002-2003 à 24,4 Mds en 2003-2004 soit moins de 7 mois d’importation. Les données disponibles sur 2004-2005 suggèrent, en revanche, un renforcement notable de la position extérieure de l’Iran dans la mesure où le prix moyen du baril a été sensiblement supérieur aux hypothèses retenues à la fois par les autorités de Téhéran (23 USD) et le FMI (30 USD). Cette performance, meilleure que prévue, mérite d’être soulignée dans un contexte où le dynamisme de la conjoncture a d’autant accru les importations (32Mds USD). Selon les dernières données recueillies, l’excédent courant aurait sur 2004-2005 quadruplé en valeur absolue (près de 8,5 Mds USD). Quant au solde la balance globale, il aurait plus que quadruplé pour atteindre, pour la première fois, près de 16 Mds USD. Dans ce contexte les réserves en devises ont toute chance d’atteindre 40 Mds USD soit 11 mois d’importations de biens et services.
La dette extérieure publique ou garantie par l’état demeure raisonnable (11,9 Mds USD sur mars 2003/2004 et 12,6 Mds à fin septembre 2004 soit 8 % du PIB) mais est constituée pour près de la moitié par de la dette à court terme (47%). Cette situation n’est toutefois pas trop inquiétante car le poids relatif de la dette extérieure a été réduit selon les dernières estimations à 7,5% du PIB sur 2004-2005 et la part des exportations et services absorbées par le service de la dette à plus d’un an reste stable à 4,6%.
Les grandes orientations du 4ème Plan Quinquennal de Développement (mars 2005-mars 2010)
Le quatrième Plan de Développement Economique, Social et Culturel de l’Iran (mars 2005-mars 2010) a été notifié au gouvernement fin 2004 sur décision du Guide de la Révolution. Contrairement aux trois derniers plans quinquennaux, le texte ne transcrit pas une planification sectorielle de l’économie déclinée par projets. Il propose plutôt de mettre en place un cadre propice à une croissance soutenue de l’économie iranienne en interaction avec l’économie mondiale.
Le quatrième plan table sur une croissance soutenue. Le taux de croissance de l’économie a été fixé à l’horizon du plan à 8% en moyenne annuelle. Si l’investissement dans la sphère publique peut contribuer, selon les estimations officielles, à une croissance de 6 ou 6,5%, l’atteinte de cet objectif nécessite un renforcement des investissements dans le secteur privé. Il convient de noter que le programme de privatisations qui avait disparu du projet de Plan suite à l’opposition du Conseil des Gardiens de la Constitution a été réintroduit, sur saisine du Guide Suprême, par le Conseil de Discernement des Intérêts de l’Etat. Ce dernier a confirmé la privatisation de 65% du capital de certaines banques commerciales, de sociétés d’assurances, de compagnies aériennes, de sociétés de distribution électricité ou de réseaux de télécommunications.
Afin de dynamiser le secteur privé, le texte prévoit la reconduction du fond de réserves en devises alimenté par les surplus de recettes d’exportations pétrolières par rapport à un prix de référence du baril budgété dans le cadre de chaque loi de finance. Le gouvernement est autorisé à utiliser à hauteur de 50% ce fonds de réserve, sous forme de crédits distribués par les banques iraniennes, pour permettre au secteur privé de financer ses projets d’investissement.
Le quatrième plan fixe un objectif d’investissement total de 473 milliards USD sur cinq ans. 58,8% des investissements seraient le fait du secteur privé qui bénéficiera de prêts du secteur bancaire iranien financés à partir du Fond de réserves en devises (OSF) et de titres de participation. 22% seraient à la charge du budget de l’Etat et 11,5% des sociétés publiques. Le solde de 7,7% serait financé par des financements externes, sous forme de prêts bancaires à hauteur de 17,4 milliards d’USD, d’IDE (13,9 milliards d’USD) et de contrats de buy-back (7 milliards d’USD).
Un objectif affiché de réduction de l’inflation et du chômage. L’objectif affiché de ramener le taux d’inflation à 6,8% à la fin du Plan (avec un taux moyen annuel de 9,9%) est ambitieux au vu du taux de 15% constaté sur l’année budgétaire en cours (2004/05). Selon les autorités, la principale cause de l’inflation en Iran est la croissance des liquidités, notamment l’agrégat monétaire M2 qui a progressé en moyenne de 27,3% entre 2000 et 2005. Les autorités souhaitent ramener ce taux à 20% en moyenne annuelle pendant le quatrième Plan. Le taux de chômage officiel pour l’année en cours (2004/05) est de 12,3 %. L’objectif du Plan, également ambitieux, est de réduire ce taux à 8,4% à l’horizon de 2010.
Une gestion prudente de la dette extérieure. Au cours du Plan, le gouvernement aura l’obligation de gérer le service de la dette et l’échéancier des engagements à court et moyen terme de manière à ce que les remboursements annuels (hors buy-back), n’excèdent pas 30% des recettes en devises à la fin de la dernière année du plan. Pour le recours aux financements externes, la priorité est accordée aux financements à long terme. Le montant total de la dette ne doit pas excéder 30 Mds USD à la fin du Plan (mars 2010).
Une forte croissance des échanges extérieurs. Le montant total des exportations est fixé à 173 Mds USD au cours du Plan, soit une croissance annuelle de 4,7%. Sur ce montant, 53 Mds USD concernent les exportations non pétrolières qui devraient enregistrer une croissance annuelle moyenne de 10,7%.
Les importations s’élèveront au total à 185 Mds USD, soit une croissance de 6,6% par an. Le montant des importations pour l’année en cours (2004/05) serait de l’ordre de 30 milliards d’USD. L’objectif pour l’année 2009/10 (dernière année du plan) est de 42 milliards d’USD.
La balance commerciale afficherait un solde légèrement négatif tout au long du Plan qui atteindrait 4,3 Mds USD en mars 2010. Le solde courant serait également déficitaire et progresserait à un rythme croissant de 5,7% par an pour atteindre 5,4 Mds USD en mars 2010. Enfin, le solde de la balance globale resterait positif mais enregistrerait une baisse annuelle moyenne de 29% pour atteindre 400 millions d’USD en mars 2010.
Le quatrième plan table sur une croissance soutenue. Le taux de croissance de l’économie a été fixé à l’horizon du plan à 8% en moyenne annuelle. Si l’investissement dans la sphère publique peut contribuer, selon les estimations officielles, à une croissance de 6 ou 6,5%, l’atteinte de cet objectif nécessite un renforcement des investissements dans le secteur privé. Il convient de noter que le programme de privatisations qui avait disparu du projet de Plan suite à l’opposition du Conseil des Gardiens de la Constitution a été réintroduit, sur saisine du Guide Suprême, par le Conseil de Discernement des Intérêts de l’Etat. Ce dernier a confirmé la privatisation de 65% du capital de certaines banques commerciales, de sociétés d’assurances, de compagnies aériennes, de sociétés de distribution électricité ou de réseaux de télécommunications.
Afin de dynamiser le secteur privé, le texte prévoit la reconduction du fond de réserves en devises alimenté par les surplus de recettes d’exportations pétrolières par rapport à un prix de référence du baril budgété dans le cadre de chaque loi de finance. Le gouvernement est autorisé à utiliser à hauteur de 50% ce fonds de réserve, sous forme de crédits distribués par les banques iraniennes, pour permettre au secteur privé de financer ses projets d’investissement.
Le quatrième plan fixe un objectif d’investissement total de 473 milliards USD sur cinq ans. 58,8% des investissements seraient le fait du secteur privé qui bénéficiera de prêts du secteur bancaire iranien financés à partir du Fond de réserves en devises (OSF) et de titres de participation. 22% seraient à la charge du budget de l’Etat et 11,5% des sociétés publiques. Le solde de 7,7% serait financé par des financements externes, sous forme de prêts bancaires à hauteur de 17,4 milliards d’USD, d’IDE (13,9 milliards d’USD) et de contrats de buy-back (7 milliards d’USD).
Un objectif affiché de réduction de l’inflation et du chômage. L’objectif affiché de ramener le taux d’inflation à 6,8% à la fin du Plan (avec un taux moyen annuel de 9,9%) est ambitieux au vu du taux de 15% constaté sur l’année budgétaire en cours (2004/05). Selon les autorités, la principale cause de l’inflation en Iran est la croissance des liquidités, notamment l’agrégat monétaire M2 qui a progressé en moyenne de 27,3% entre 2000 et 2005. Les autorités souhaitent ramener ce taux à 20% en moyenne annuelle pendant le quatrième Plan. Le taux de chômage officiel pour l’année en cours (2004/05) est de 12,3 %. L’objectif du Plan, également ambitieux, est de réduire ce taux à 8,4% à l’horizon de 2010.
Une gestion prudente de la dette extérieure. Au cours du Plan, le gouvernement aura l’obligation de gérer le service de la dette et l’échéancier des engagements à court et moyen terme de manière à ce que les remboursements annuels (hors buy-back), n’excèdent pas 30% des recettes en devises à la fin de la dernière année du plan. Pour le recours aux financements externes, la priorité est accordée aux financements à long terme. Le montant total de la dette ne doit pas excéder 30 Mds USD à la fin du Plan (mars 2010).
Une forte croissance des échanges extérieurs. Le montant total des exportations est fixé à 173 Mds USD au cours du Plan, soit une croissance annuelle de 4,7%. Sur ce montant, 53 Mds USD concernent les exportations non pétrolières qui devraient enregistrer une croissance annuelle moyenne de 10,7%.
Les importations s’élèveront au total à 185 Mds USD, soit une croissance de 6,6% par an. Le montant des importations pour l’année en cours (2004/05) serait de l’ordre de 30 milliards d’USD. L’objectif pour l’année 2009/10 (dernière année du plan) est de 42 milliards d’USD.
La balance commerciale afficherait un solde légèrement négatif tout au long du Plan qui atteindrait 4,3 Mds USD en mars 2010. Le solde courant serait également déficitaire et progresserait à un rythme croissant de 5,7% par an pour atteindre 5,4 Mds USD en mars 2010. Enfin, le solde de la balance globale resterait positif mais enregistrerait une baisse annuelle moyenne de 29% pour atteindre 400 millions d’USD en mars 2010.
lundi, avril 04, 2005
Iran-France ties will develop rapidly in next 6 months: Iranian ambassador
TEHRAN (MNA) – Iranian ambassador to Paris, Sadegh Kharrazi, said on Sunday that Iran-France political and economic ties would develop with a more rapid pace over the next six months.
Speaking with the Mehr News Agency on the threshold of President Mohammad Khatami’s trip to France, Kharrazi said that France’s position in Europe and among the G8 countries as well as Iran’s position in the Middle East and among the Shia community has helped the two countries develop closer ties.
President Khatami is due to start a tour of Austria and France on Monday. During his stay in France, Khatami will attend a session on dialogue among civilizations sponsored by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and meet with some high-ranking French officials including President Jacques Chirac.
The Iranian ambassador referred to the expansion of diplomatic ties between Iran and France over the past two years, saying that the two sides have made constructive consultations for the establishment of stability and security in the region.
He noted that France is currently Iran’s fourth or fifth partner in Europe and that Iran, which was formerly France’s thirty ninth economic partner has become its eleventh economic partner over the recent years.
Kharrazi added that France’s requests for investment in Iran are mainly focused in the energy, oil, transportation and telecommunications sectors as well as in the automobile industry, shipbuilding, electricity power plants and small industries.
The ambassador said that Iran and France hold a common view on the issues of poverty, discrimination, illicit drugs, environment and terrorism, adding that both countries share a similar viewpoint in regard to resolving the problems in the Middle East.
He further announced that the two countries will probably reach an agreement on establishing one of the most important French polytechnic universities in Iran.
Kharrazi noted that the joint project between France and Iran’s private and governmental sectors will probably be launched in one of Iran’s free regions.
Tehran Times
Speaking with the Mehr News Agency on the threshold of President Mohammad Khatami’s trip to France, Kharrazi said that France’s position in Europe and among the G8 countries as well as Iran’s position in the Middle East and among the Shia community has helped the two countries develop closer ties.
President Khatami is due to start a tour of Austria and France on Monday. During his stay in France, Khatami will attend a session on dialogue among civilizations sponsored by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and meet with some high-ranking French officials including President Jacques Chirac.
The Iranian ambassador referred to the expansion of diplomatic ties between Iran and France over the past two years, saying that the two sides have made constructive consultations for the establishment of stability and security in the region.
He noted that France is currently Iran’s fourth or fifth partner in Europe and that Iran, which was formerly France’s thirty ninth economic partner has become its eleventh economic partner over the recent years.
Kharrazi added that France’s requests for investment in Iran are mainly focused in the energy, oil, transportation and telecommunications sectors as well as in the automobile industry, shipbuilding, electricity power plants and small industries.
The ambassador said that Iran and France hold a common view on the issues of poverty, discrimination, illicit drugs, environment and terrorism, adding that both countries share a similar viewpoint in regard to resolving the problems in the Middle East.
He further announced that the two countries will probably reach an agreement on establishing one of the most important French polytechnic universities in Iran.
Kharrazi noted that the joint project between France and Iran’s private and governmental sectors will probably be launched in one of Iran’s free regions.
Tehran Times
dimanche, avril 03, 2005
Washington’s support for Iran-India pipeline possible
ISLAMABAD: The proposed Iran-India gas pipeline, which is to pass through Pakistan, may receive American approval if both sides jointly seek Washington’s support for the project, insiders have said.
It is expected that once the plan for laying the pipeline is finalised, Pakistan and India would strategise to muster the desired US support.
Well-placed diplomatic sources revealed that Washington is very closely monitoring the developments pertaining to gas pipeline since Tehran is defying the US.
The pipeline project is supposed to be financed by a consortium on which the US companies are to be on board. The pipeline would cost about $4.2bn and no US company would invest/take part in any project relating to Iran without obtaining a waiver from the US president.
The sources said Pakistan and India might finalise their plan of action for the gas pipeline from Iran some time next month after Indian Minister of Petroleum Mani Shanker Aiyar proceeds to Tehran to arrive at an understanding with the Iranian government.
Indian Minister of External Affairs Kunwar Natwar Singh is also planning to visit the United States some time next month. He is expected to hold preliminary discussions with the US authorities on the gas pipeline project to convince them abandon opposition to the same.
Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh is also visiting the United States by mid-year. He will be meeting US President George Bush in Washington. The gas pipeline project would also figure in their meeting, the sources added.
Sources said the United States wants to use the laying of the pipeline as leverage against Iran as the pipeline would have a great financial impact for that country.
Washington has some serious reservations about Iran’s external policies and it would seek some assurances through third party from Tehran in order to remove its objections about Iran, the sources said.
The Americans have conveyed their position about the project to Islamabad and New Delhi. They are in constant touch with both the countries on the subject.
Source ::: Internews
It is expected that once the plan for laying the pipeline is finalised, Pakistan and India would strategise to muster the desired US support.
Well-placed diplomatic sources revealed that Washington is very closely monitoring the developments pertaining to gas pipeline since Tehran is defying the US.
The pipeline project is supposed to be financed by a consortium on which the US companies are to be on board. The pipeline would cost about $4.2bn and no US company would invest/take part in any project relating to Iran without obtaining a waiver from the US president.
The sources said Pakistan and India might finalise their plan of action for the gas pipeline from Iran some time next month after Indian Minister of Petroleum Mani Shanker Aiyar proceeds to Tehran to arrive at an understanding with the Iranian government.
Indian Minister of External Affairs Kunwar Natwar Singh is also planning to visit the United States some time next month. He is expected to hold preliminary discussions with the US authorities on the gas pipeline project to convince them abandon opposition to the same.
Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh is also visiting the United States by mid-year. He will be meeting US President George Bush in Washington. The gas pipeline project would also figure in their meeting, the sources added.
Sources said the United States wants to use the laying of the pipeline as leverage against Iran as the pipeline would have a great financial impact for that country.
Washington has some serious reservations about Iran’s external policies and it would seek some assurances through third party from Tehran in order to remove its objections about Iran, the sources said.
The Americans have conveyed their position about the project to Islamabad and New Delhi. They are in constant touch with both the countries on the subject.
Source ::: Internews
vendredi, avril 01, 2005
Des opérateurs économiques marocains en Iran
Des opérateurs économiques marocains en Iran, du 8 au 10 mai
Des opérateurs économiques marocains se rendront du 08 au 10 mai prochain à Téhéran, pour rencontrer leurs homologues iraniens afin d'explorer les opportunités de partenariat entre les deux parties.
Organisée par le Centre marocain de Promotion des Exportations (CMPE), cette mission vise la dynamisation des relations bilatérales économiques et commerciales entre les hommes d'affaires des deux pays et le développement des secteurs liés notamment au service informatique, aux pièces de rechange automobiles et à l'agro-industrie ainsi qu'à la chimie et parachimie et le cuir.
Cette manifestation prévoit également, selon un communiqué du CMPE, l'organisation d'un symposium sur l'économie nationale, l'examen des perspectives d'échanges et de partenariat et la visite de sites industriels.
Les échanges commerciaux entre le Maroc et l'Iran demeurent modestes, estime la même source, rappelant que les exportations marocaines vers l'Iran sont de l'ordre de 290 millions de dirhams en 2003 et concernent principalement les engrais et phosphates (74 %) et les acides phosphoriques (20 %).
Quant aux importations marocaines en provenance de l'Iran, elles sont estimées à 434 millions de dirhams et portent essentiellement sur le pétrole (83 %). Plusieurs accords de coopération lient le Maroc et l'Iran dans plusieurs domaines notamment du commerce et de la pêche maritime ainsi qu'un mémorandum d'entente et de coopération signé depuis 1995 entre le CMPE et son homologue iranien.
Des opérateurs économiques marocains se rendront du 08 au 10 mai prochain à Téhéran, pour rencontrer leurs homologues iraniens afin d'explorer les opportunités de partenariat entre les deux parties.
Organisée par le Centre marocain de Promotion des Exportations (CMPE), cette mission vise la dynamisation des relations bilatérales économiques et commerciales entre les hommes d'affaires des deux pays et le développement des secteurs liés notamment au service informatique, aux pièces de rechange automobiles et à l'agro-industrie ainsi qu'à la chimie et parachimie et le cuir.
Cette manifestation prévoit également, selon un communiqué du CMPE, l'organisation d'un symposium sur l'économie nationale, l'examen des perspectives d'échanges et de partenariat et la visite de sites industriels.
Les échanges commerciaux entre le Maroc et l'Iran demeurent modestes, estime la même source, rappelant que les exportations marocaines vers l'Iran sont de l'ordre de 290 millions de dirhams en 2003 et concernent principalement les engrais et phosphates (74 %) et les acides phosphoriques (20 %).
Quant aux importations marocaines en provenance de l'Iran, elles sont estimées à 434 millions de dirhams et portent essentiellement sur le pétrole (83 %). Plusieurs accords de coopération lient le Maroc et l'Iran dans plusieurs domaines notamment du commerce et de la pêche maritime ainsi qu'un mémorandum d'entente et de coopération signé depuis 1995 entre le CMPE et son homologue iranien.
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